辣椒秧苗种植对基质土壤真菌群落结构的影响

Does Pepper Seedlings Farming Influence the Structure of Substrate Soil FungalCommunities

为明确种植辣椒秧苗前后土壤真菌群落结构差异性和相似性,分析辣椒种植对耕作土壤的影响,以云南丘北辣椒和观赏辣椒为试验材料,通过ITS rDNA测序技术对根际土壤真菌群落组成进行分析。结果表明,5个样本中共同含有的OTU数为55个;门水平下共获得7个物种种类,在4个辣椒样本中,子囊菌门Ascomycota为优势菌,相对丰度均显著高于CK空白对照,而担子菌门Basidiomycota则显著低于CK,同时发现壶菌门Chytridiomycota只少量存在于一年生丘北辣椒WG1(0.32%)和9F33(0.13%)中,其它样本均未检测出;属水平下,丘北辣椒WG1、9F33中的柄孢壳菌属Podospora占比显著高于观赏辣椒Y19278、Y19292和CK,而Y19278、Y19292、CK均未超过1%。在α多样性比较中,辣椒样本Ace和Chao1指数均高于CK,但Shannon和Simpson指数仅观赏辣椒Y19278高于空白对照。在Spearman相关分析中,子囊菌门与毛霉菌门显著正相关,毛霉菌门与鞭毛菌门显著正相关。主坐标分析中,CK样本和4个辣椒样本真菌群落结构差距巨大。种植辣椒秧苗可显著改变种植前基质土壤的真菌群落结构,提高真菌丰度,改变原有的优势菌群,同时真菌群落结构也受到不同品种辣椒基因型因素的影响。

To find out the difference and similarity in the structure of soil fungal communities before and after planting pepper,taking varieties Qiubei pepper and Ornamental pepper as experimental materials,the composition of rhizosphere soil fungal community involving Qiubei pepper and Ornamental pepper was analyzed by ITS rDNA sequencing technology.The results showed,the 5 samples of fungi include 55 OTUs.A total of 7 species were obtained at the phylum level.The relative abundance of Ascomycota in 4 pepper samples was significantly higher than that of CK,while Basidiomycota was significantly lower than that of CK.At the same time,it was found that only a small amount of Chytridiomycota existed in Qiubei pepper WG1(0.32%)and 9F33(0.13%),and no other samples were detected.At the genus level,the proportions of Podospora in WG1 and 9F33 in Qiubei pepper were significantly higher than those in ornamental peppers Y19278,Y19292 and CK,which were WG1(1.77%)and 9F33(2.77%),respectively,while those in Y19278(0.39%),Y19292(0.23%)and CK(0.15%)did not exceed 1%.In the comparison ofαdiversity,the Ace and Chao1 indexes of pepper samples were higher than CK,But Shannon and Simpson index only ornamental pepper Y19278 is higher than the blank control.Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between Ascomycota and Mucoromycota,and a positive correlation between Mucoromycota and Mortierellomycota.Significant difference in fungal community structure between CK and 4 pepper samples in principal coordinate analysis.Therefore,the cultivation of pepper seedlings can significantly change the fungal community structure in the matrix soil before planting to improve the fungal abundance and change the original dominant flora.At the same time,the fungal community structure is also affected by the genotype factors of different varieties of pepper.