足球运动员生物识别信息保护:美国经验与中国策略

Protection of Soccer Athletes'Biometric Identification Information:American Experience and China's Strategy

生物识别信息不同于个人信息、敏感个人信息,具有个体唯一性和不可变更性等特征。国际足球联合会已批准并推广使用可穿戴技术,通过可穿戴设备收集足球运动员生物识别信息以提升足球运动水平。从美国实践看,足球运动员生物识别信息的不当处理可能侵犯其隐私权、形象权和合同利益等。我国《个人信息保护法》已将生物识别信息纳入保护范畴。为此,急需厘清足球运动员生物识别信息的界限与例外情形,明确同意规则的范围与表达形式,细化足球运动员知情权、决定权、可携带权与删除权的实施规则,在行业规范中增加足球运动员生物识别信息的保护条款,并开展专项国际合作。

Different from personal information,personal sensitive information,biometric identification information is unique and unchangeable.FIFA has approved and promoted the use of wearable technology to improve soccer performance through the collection biometric identification information of soccer players collected by wearable devices.However,from the perspective of American practice,the processing of soccer athletes'biometric identification information may infringe their privacy rights,right of publicity,and contractual interests.Biometric identification information is prescribed in Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China,therefore,it is necessary in the scope of soccer to clarify the scope and exceptions of biometric identification information and specify the content and form of informed consent as well as the detailed implementation rules for soccer players'right to know,to decide,to carry and to delete.It is also important to add soccer players'biometric identification information protection into soccer industry's norms and strengthen specific international cooperation.