英文学术界冷战史研究二十年:回顾、批判与展望

Cold War History Studies in the English Academic World in Recent Twenty Years:Retrospect,Critique and Prospects

21世纪头二十年来英文世界冷战史研究有三个相关联的特点:冷战研究“去中心化”,冷战与第三世界成为研究热点;冷战时期欧洲的历史重新受到关注,不少学者在研究欧洲冷战历史进程时,将欧洲放在中心位置进行考察,而不是把欧洲作为超级大国对抗中的一个客体来对待;有关美苏两个超级大国冷战史研究仍有不少优秀成果发表,其中特别值得重视的是有关冷战和平终结的研究成果。尽管英文世界学者们对于冷战研究的一些最基本的问题还难以达成共识,但是冷战研究将是一个永恒的学术领域,与一战、二战一样作为一个有完整时间段的历史事件为人们所记住并进行研究。

Three correlative traits stand out in the Cold War history studies in the English world in the first 20 years of the 21^(st) Century. First,with the "decentration" in the Cold War studies,the relationship between the Cold War and the Third World becomes a hotspot issue. Second, renewed attention is paid to the Cold War history in Europe, putting Europe in the central place rather than treating it as an object in great-power confrontation. Third,there are still lots of influential works on U.S.-Soviet Cold War History,in particular,on the peaceful end of the Cold War. Although scholars continue to debate on some of the very basic issues regarding the Cold War,Cold War studies will be an eternal field of inquiry. It will be remembered and studied like such historical events as World War Ⅰ and World War Ⅱ.