欧美对华政策协调及其局限

The EU-US Policy Coordination toward China:New Trends and Future Prospects

随着中国的持续崛起以及欧美对华政策的转型,中国因素在跨大西洋关系中的重要性更加凸显。为了应对中国崛起、巩固跨大西洋关系以及维护在国际秩序中的主导地位,欧美加快了对华政策协调的步伐,试图围绕意识形态、经贸投资、科技创新以及全球治理等议题协调共识并采取更加一致的行动。当前欧美对华政策协调也有别于过去“美主欧从”的模式,呈现出更具机制化和更全面的新特点。在协调的过程中,欧美对华政策出现了一定的趋同,但分歧也显露无遗。欧美对华认知与政策分歧、欧盟“战略自主”倾向以及“特朗普主义”遗产的影响都将对欧美协调的深度和效果构成制约。当今国际体系的特点和中国和平发展道路也决定了欧美协调难以复制冷战时期的遏制战略,“和平共处”是欧美协调和中美欧三边关系应该遵守的基本原则。

With the continued rise of China and the transformation of China policies of the US and the EU,China has topped the agenda in transatlantic relations.To address the rise of China and renew the transatlantic relationship,the EU and the US have enhanced their consultations on China,seeking to build broader consensus and pursue a more coordinated approach towards China in crucial areas of ideology,trade,technology and global governance.Compared with the earlier stage,the current EU-US coordination on China is more institutionalized and more comprehensive,with the US no longer in a dominant position.In the process of coordination,there has been certain consensus of European and American policies towards China,but divergences have also been revealed.The differences between Europe and the United States on cognition and policy towards China,the EU’s tendency of“Strategic Autonomy”and the influence of the“Trumpism”legacy will restrict the depth and effect of EU-US coordination.The interconnectedness of the current international system and China’s peaceful development path have determined that the US and the EU will not succeed in a Cold War-style containment strategy against China.“Peaceful co-existence”should be a basic principle for EU-US coordination and China-US-EU trilateral relations.