露天矿富水深孔爆破隔离材料的配比及性能研究

Properties of isolation material for water rich deep hole blasting in open pit

为解决露天矿水下爆破分段隔离装药及效率低的问题,以现场黏土和粉煤灰为基料,配以增稠剂、发泡剂、早凝剂、减水剂4种无机添加剂,研制了一种可实现水下连续隔离的新型膏状隔离材料。采用四因素三水平正交试验设计了9组不同配比的实验组合,同时根据工程要求设计了室内水下抗分散性能测试试验、抗水侵入性能测试试验、密度测试试验,确定了最佳配比为增稠剂2%、发泡剂3%、早凝剂2.5%、减水剂2%。进一步开展了材料水下与乳化炸药分层隔离试验,2种材料互不侵入,隔离效果良好,所配制材料的密度接近矿用乳化炸药,具备一定的水下抗分散、抗水侵入能力,可为露天矿富水深孔松动爆破实现分段连续隔离提供新的手段。

In order to solve the problem of separate charging and low efficiency of underwater blasting in open-pit mine,a new paste isolation material which can realize continuous underwater isolation was developed.The material was prepared by clay and fly ash as base material,and supplemented by some other additives,such as thickening agent,foaming agent,early setting agent and water reducing agent.The orthogonal design of four factors and three levels were used to design nine groups of different proportioning experiments,and properties of material were studied though the indoor anti dispersion test,anti-invasion test and density test.Finally,the optimum ratio of material was obtained,which is 2%thickening agent,3%foaming agent,2.5%early setting agent and 2%water reducing agent.In addition,the separation test of underwater and emulsion explosives was carried out.The two materials are non-invasive,and the isolation effect is good.The density of this material is close to that of emulsion explosive used,and the material has the ability of anti-dispersion and anti-invasion under water.It can provide a new method for realizing continuous isolation in sections by water rich deep hole loose blasting in open pit.