新时代非物质文化遗产活态传承机制创新研究--以连南瑶绣为例

Research on Innovation of the Living Inheritance Mechanism of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the New Era--Centered on Liannan Yao Embroidery

非物质文化遗产是民族文化的精髓,保护传承好非物质文化遗产,对于保护民族文化根脉,促进经济社会全面协调可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。非物质文化遗产的最大特点是依靠传承人的活态传承。目前瑶族刺绣已建立比较完备的传承人体系,拥有一支相对稳定的传承人队伍,对非物质文化遗产的活态传承发挥了重要作用。但传承人的社会地位和经济待遇,传承的主动性和积极性以及传承能力水平还有待提高。因此,建构由抢救性保护、赋能激励、培养培训、考核评价构成的“四位一体”的活态传承机制十分必要,可为非物质文化遗产传承营造一个良性的“活”的生存空间。

Intangible cultural heritage is the essence of national culture.Protecting and inheriting intangible cultural heritage is of great significance to protecting the root vein of national culture and promoting the comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable development of economic society.The most important characteristic of intangible cultural heritage is to rely on the living inheritance of inheritors.At present,Yao embroidery has established a relatively complete inheritor system,with a relatively stable group of inheritors,which plays an important role in the living inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.However,the social status and economic incomes of inheritors,the initiative and enthusiasm of inheritance and the level of inheritance ability still need to be improved.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a“four-in-one”living inheritance mechanism of rescue protection,incentive empowerment,training and evaluation to create a benign living space for the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.