中青年女性BPPV发病危险因素分析

Study on the Causes of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Young and Middle-aged Women

目的探讨中青年女性良性阵发性位置性眩晕(benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,BPPV)发病的危险因素。方法以2016年7月~2019年12月确诊的145例中青年女性BPPV患者为研究对象,其中原发性113例(原发组),继发性32例(继发组);以98例正常中青年女性为对照组;原发性BPPV组与对照组测量雌激素水平,并分别进行生活方式问卷调查,对比两组结果;继发性BPPV组回顾性分析其病史等相关资料,包括眩晕头晕史、耳科既往史、外伤史等。结果原发组与对照组雌激素水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在涉及生活方式、运动及饮食三方面的生活方式问卷调查二组有显著差异,常饮浓咖啡和长期生活紧张度高可能是中青年女性原发性BPPV发病的危险因素,坚持体育锻炼可能是保护因素。继发性BPPV组继发单管BPPV最常见的病因是偏头痛,继发多管BPPV最常见的病因是头部外伤。结论中青年女性BPPV以原发性居多;本组原发性BPPV患者的发病危险因素可能与不良生活习惯有关,继发性BPPV患者发病危险因素多与偏头痛或头部外伤有关。

Objective To investigate the causes of primary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV)in young and middle-aged women and the etiology of secondary BPPV.Methods A retrospective analysis of 145 young and middle-aged female BPPV patients in our hospital in the past three years was canied out.They were divided into two groups according to primary and secondary,with 113 cases of primary and 32 cases of secondary.The primary BPPV group received measure ment of estrogen levels and their lifestyle questionnaires.In addition,normal young and middle-aged females who had physical examinations in our hospital physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group.The estrogen levels and the results of the questionnaire were statistically compared and analyzed.In the secondary BPPV group,the history of vertigo,dizziness and otology were analyzed retrospectively.Results There was no significant difference in estrogen level between the primary group and the control group(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in the lifestyle questionnaire.It was speculated that bad lifestyle was the influencing factor of primary BPPV in young and middle-aged women.In the secondary BPPV group,the most common cause of secondary single tabe BPPV was migraine,and the most common cause of secondary multiple tube BPPV was head trauma.Conclusion BPPV in young and middle-aged women is mainly primary BPPV.The pathogeric factor of primary BPPV may be related to bad living habits,colcile most of the pathogemic factors of secondary BPPV are related to migraine or head trauma.