高等教育财政投入影响高校竞争力模拟仿真研究——基于系统动力学的分析

Simulation Research on the Effects of Higher Education Fiscal Spending on Competence of Universities and Colleges:Based on System Dynamics Analysis

基于明晰系统边界与反馈回路,经由建构高等教育财政投入影响高校竞争力的系统动力学模型,对高等教育财政投入与高校竞争力进行仿真模拟,并将研发经费、研发人员全时当量、高校固定资产投入、生均高等教育经费等作为调控因子,模拟分析组合政策对高校竞争力的影响。研究发现:在高等教育财政投入变动幅度大的情况下,研发经费的增加会引起高校竞争力的较大提升,研发人员全时当量的变动会影响高校竞争力,但影响程度低于研发经费;高校固定资产投入显著增加,有利于改善高校竞争力发展环境,生均高等教育经费大幅提升,才能满足高等教育扩张的需要,对提升高校竞争力有明显推动作用。因此,应采取扩大高等教育财政投入绝对规模、相对规模、优化投入结构等政策措施,不断提高校竞争力。

Based on clarifying system boundary and feedback loops and constructing the system dynamics model of fiscal spending on higher education and competence of universities and colleges,this research simulates fiscal spending on higher education and competence of universities and colleges,with research and development funding,full-time equivalent of research and development personnel,fixed assets investment,and higher education expense per student as regulators,and analyses the effects of compound policy on competence of universities and colleges.The results are as follows:With great changes,the increase in research and development funding could bring about great improvement of competence of universities and colleges.Changes in full-time equivalent of research and development personnel could increase the competitiveness of universities and colleges in a way less than research and development funding.Great increase in fixed assets investment of universities and colleges could improve the developing environment of competitiveness of universities and colleges.A substantial increase of higher education expense per student could satisfy the need of expansion of universities and colleges,which could strengthen the competitiveness of universities and colleges positively.Therefore,the research proposes increasing the absolute scale and relative scale of higher education fiscal spending,and optimizing the structures of higher education fiscal spending,etc.,to raise the competitiveness of universities and colleges to a higher level.