肿瘤患者家庭照顾者社会支持影响因素及与疾病家庭负担的相关性研究

Influencing factors of social support for family caregivers of cancer patients and its correlation with family burden of diseases

目的了解肿瘤患者家庭照顾者的社会支持与疾病家庭负担现状以及两者之间的相关性,探讨社会支持的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样的方法选取样本,共计发放问卷130份,回收有效问卷123份;运用社会支持评定量表和疾病家庭负担量表进行问卷调查;研究对象一般资料采用描述性统计分析,社会支持与疾病家庭负担采用Pearson相关分析,影响因素分析主要应用t检验、方差分析以及多元线性逐步回归。结果社会支持得分(36.72±9.96)分略高于国内常模且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疾病家庭负担量表得分(30.13±11.36)分,其中家庭经济负担、家庭娱乐活动、家庭日常活动负担程度为中等及以上。Pearson相关分析结果显示,社会支持与疾病家庭负担呈负相关,且除家庭娱乐活动外,各维度相关性均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性逐步回归分析结果显示,家庭月收入、家庭关系与家庭成员躯体对社会支持有影响(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤患者家庭照顾者社会支持度一般且疾病家庭负担沉重,建议多举措提高其社会支持水平并减轻其照顾负担,以维持家庭照顾者身心健康,进而改善家庭护理质量。

Objective To understand the current situation of social support and burden of family caregivers for cancer patients and the relationship between them,and explore the influencing factors of social support.Methods Samples were selected using a convenient sampling method,130 questionnaires were distributed and 123 valid questionnaires were returned;a questionnaire survey was conducted using the Social Support Rating Scale and the Family Burden of Disease Scale;The general data were analyzed by descriptive statistics;social support and burden of disease family were analyzed by Pearson related analysis;analysis of influencing factors mainly used t-test,variance analysis and multiple linear stepwise regression.Results The social support score was(36.72±9.96),and slightly higher than the domestic norm,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The burden of disease families score was(30.13±11.36),and the family financial burden,family entertainment activities,family daily activity burden were moderate or higher.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that social support was negatively correlated with the burden of diseased families,and the correlations in all dimensions were statistically significant except for family entertainment activities(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that monthly family income,family relationships,family members’physical had influences on social support(P<0.05).Conclusion Family caregivers for cancer patients have moderate social support and heavy burden on the sick family.It is recommended to take multiple measures to improve the social support level and reduce care burden,in order to maintain the physical and mental health of family caregivers and improve the quality of family care.