论白居易的致仕观念

Studies on the Ideas about Retirement of Bai Juyi

白居易对于致仕有自己的认识和见解。他人致仕方面,白居易对年及而致仕者予以高度赞扬,对年未及而有意求退者予以劝阻,对年及而不致仕者予以批判。这既是对官场道德的坚决维护,也是心系朝廷和国家命运的表现。个人致仕方面,白居易先是主动乞闲,年及七十后主动悬车,捍卫了自身名节,体现出儒家士大夫在修身养性方面的严于律己及对传统道德的严格遵守。在洛阳乞闲和致仕生活中,白居易始终保持恬淡通达、乐天知命的积极心态,这又是士大夫在入世时遇到困境、坎坷之后的智慧之举。

Bai Juyi had strong views of his own on retirement, including praising others for retiring on time, persuading others to stay in their positions before seventy years old, and criticizing others for having no intention of retiring.This is not only the resolute maintenance of the morality of officialdom, but also the manifestation of the concern for the fate of the imperial court and the country.For personal retirement, Bai Juyi went to an exalted sinecure, then he had adherence to traditions of retiring at the age of seventy, which reflecting the Confucian scholastics’ strict discipline in self-cultivation and strict observance of traditional morality.Bai Juyi always maintained an optimistic attitude toward his retirement during the life in Luoyang city.It was also the wisdom of scholastics after they encountered difficulties and frustrations in their entry into the world.