基于农户满意度的农村厕所改革效果实证研究

Empirical Research on Performance Evaluation of Farmers’ Satisfaction for Rural Toilet Reform

"小厕所,大民生",农村厕所是乡村生态振兴中的短板。通过查阅相关文献,本文以陕西省10个县区的近300名农户为调查对象,基于农户满意度的视角,从厕所硬件、配套管理、经济效益、科学利用维度,选取20个单项指标,构建了农村厕改效果评价指标体系,依据层次分析模型确定出各个指标的权重值,运用模糊综合评价模型分析了农村厕所改革效果。最终结果:陕西省10个县区农村厕所改革效果的评价总得分是71.84,其中厕所硬件、配套管理、经济效益、科学利用四项指标的评价得分分别为:76.40分、65.69分、71.51分、74.60分,表明这10县区农户对厕改的评价处于一般和比较满意之间,较偏向于比较满意。该研究为农村"厕所革命"作为提升农村人居环境、促进民生事业发展、营建农民美丽家园的惠民政策的实施效果评价提供科学依据,为其他省市农村厕改评价提供参考。

"Small Toilet, Big People’s Livelihood". Rural toilet is a weak point in rural ecological revitalization.In this study,nearly 300 farmers in 10 counties of Shaanxi Province were selected as the respondents on the basis of consulting the relevant literature.From the perspective of farmer satisfaction and from the four dimensions of toilet hardware, supporting management, economic benefits, and scientific utilization,twenty individual indexes were selected.The evaluation index system of rural toilet reform was constructed.Analytic hierarchy model was used to determine the weight of each index,and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was employed to analyze the effect of rural toilet reform.The final results showed that : The total evaluation score of rural toilet reform in the ten counties and districts of Shaanxi Province was 71.84, among which the evaluation scores of toilet hardware, supporting management, economic benefit and scientific utilization were 76.40, 65.69, 71.51 and 74.60 respectively, indicating that the evaluation of rural toilet reform in these 10 counties is between general and relatively satisfied, and tends to be relatively satisfied.This study provided a scientific basis for the evaluation of implementation effect of the rural "toilet revolution" as a policy to improve the rural living environment, to promote the development of people’s livelihood and to create a beautiful home for farmers, and also provided a reference for the evaluation of rural toilet reform in other provinces and cities.