“及物”或“不及物”——夏商小说的表演意识与结尾艺术

Expressing Some Theme Ideas or Expressing Nothing--The Performance Consciousness and Ending Art of Xia Shang’s Novels

在其他艺术目标不受影响的情况下,小说家往往追求阅读的效应,绝大多数的小说家期待更多的读者。因此成功的小说常常是一种招引结构,虽然它是用来阅读的,但某种意义上它也是一门隐性的表演艺术。夏商小说的表演性特征、它们的表演意识体现和落实在小说的总体结构安排上,尤其体现在夏商一部分小说结尾的艺术处理上。夏商小说的这种结尾安排艺术,既是一种美学用心的实现,也是一种“抓人”艺术的展现,它使读者在小说的最后获得最佳的“观赏”效果的同时,对全作品产生一种回味的欲求和体验,这种安排同时也是一种生命的苦难、伤痛的宣泄,对人生重大问题的探究与沉思的要害之崭露,因而这种安排也是一种思想表达行为的设计与实现。

When other artistic goals are not affected,novelists often pursue the effect of reading,and most novelists look forward to more readers.Therefore,a successful novel often has an attracting structure.Although it is used for reading,it is actually a hidden performing art in a sense.The performance characteristics of Xia Shang’s novels and their performance consciousness are reflected and implemented in the overall structure of the novel,especially in Xia Shang’s artistic treatment of the ending of the novel.This kind of ending arrangement art in Xia Shang’s novels is not only a realization of aesthetic intentions,a display of the art of“catching people”,is also a kind of catharsis of life’s sufferings and pains.It reveals the key to the exploration and contemplation of major problems in life.Therefore,this arrangement is also a kind of ideological expression.