自我效能感、资源拼凑与农民创业绩效分析

Self-efficacy, Resource Patchwork and Performance Analysis of Farmers’ Entrepreneurship

随着农村创新创业事业的发展,农民创业行为日渐活跃。基于安徽泾县和宁国市多个案例,采用差别复制与逐项复制的方法,从资源基础理论出发,将资源拼凑作为中介变量,建立并探寻创业者自我效能感、资源拼凑与农民创业绩效之间的关系及作用机理。研究发现:从创业者自身来看,创业自我效能感的确会影响创业者的创业行为,并能起到积极推动作用;从企业发展来看,创业者会更多地采取多重措施推动企业成长,实现企业绩效和创业绩效的提升。从多案例对比来看,创业自我效能感高的创业者,能采取多重举措促进企业绩效的提升且效果显著;创业自我效能感低的创业者,虽然采取了若干措施,但达到的效果并不明显,仅能维持企业现有的规模或企业绩效提升缓慢。由此,建议采取培训、引导、政府扶持等措施,积极为农民创业者营造更好的创业环境,促进创业绩效的提升。

With the development of rural entrepreneurship and innovation, the farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior has become increasingly active. Based on the investigation of cases in Jing County and Ningguo County in Anhui Province, this paper adopts the methods of differential replication and item-by-item replication and takes resource patchwork as the intermediary variable from the resource-based theory to establish and explore the relationship and mechanism between entrepreneurial self-efficacy, resource patchwork, and farmers’ entrepreneurial performance. The conclusion is as follows. From the perspective of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial self-efficacy does affect entrepreneurs’ entrepreneurial behavior and can play a positive role. From the perspective of enterprise development, entrepreneurs will take more multiple measures to promote the growth of enterprises and realize the improvement of corporate performance. From the comparison of cases, entrepreneurs with high entrepreneurial self-efficacy have taken multiple measures to promote the improvement of corporate performance and the effect is significant. Although entrepreneurs with low self-efficacy have taken some measures, the effect is not obvious, and they can only maintain the current scale of the enterprise or improve the enterprise performance slowly. Therefore, this paper suggests that training, guidance, government support, and other measures can be taken to actively create a better entrepreneurial environment for farmers and entrepreneurs to promote the improvement of entrepreneurial performance.