一种遥控异常情况下的卫星安全管理方法

A method of satellite safety management under telecommand abnormality

针对卫星在轨管理过程中出现的数管直接指令和地面直接指令无法正常执行的遥控异常,从卫星遥控信息的传输流程、遥控译码的工作原理入手,对导致直接指令执行异常的因素进行了排查,定位了异常原因为遥控译码故障。提出了对于单一频段遥控通道的卫星,通过调整部件的指令控制策略和将直接指令转换为数据指令的方法来实现卫星管理;对于多个频段遥控通道的卫星,除以上两种方式外还可以通过拓展遥控上行通道的方法,增加遥控上行冗余度来降低遥控译码通道异常的风险。所提出的安全管理方法经故障卫星在轨管理阶段的试验验证,在一定程度上有效控制了因一路译码故障给卫星安全带来的风险,可为卫星其它重大故障的及时发现、定位和有效规避提供参考。

In order to solve the telecommand abnormality due to abnormal execution of direct data management instructions and direct ground instructions in satellite in-orbit management,factors leading to abnormal execution were examined by analyzing the transmission process of satellite telecommand information and working principles of telecommand decoding.At last,the decoding fault was identified as the cause of the abnormality.The thesis consequently proposed a strategy of satellite safety management.Namely safety management was realized by adjusting components’command control strategies and converting direct commands into data commands for satellites with a single band channel,and the risk of telecommand decoding channel abnormality was reduced by expanding the telecommand uplink channel and increasing the uplink redundancy besides the two methods mentioned above for satellites with multi-frequency telecommand channels.The safety management method has been verified by in-orbit management of failed satellites,which effectively controls the satellite safety risk caused by one channel-decoding fault to a certain extent,and provides reference for the work of timely detection,location and effective avoidance of other major satellite faults.