生命主体的缺失与回归——论汪曾祺《复仇》的修辞艺术

The Absence and Return of the Subject of Life:On the Rhetorical Art of Wang Zengqi’s Revenge

作为汪曾祺早期作品的代表作,《复仇》无疑是其运用小说技巧进行创作的典型。作家通过叙述视角的频繁转换,在不同的叙述声音中,传达出自己对生命主体性的理解与推崇。在对传统复仇母题进行再阐释的基础上,汪曾祺在复仇者弃仇的背后,还表达了自己对于战争的思考,对中国人乃至全人类的希望。此外,小说修辞与道德化、伦理化之间的承载关系,为复仇者的弃仇提供了更多阐释空间的同时,也对当前小说的写作劣势具有极大的启发、引导意义。

As a representative of Wang Zengqi’s early works,Revenge is undoubtedly a typical example of the author’s fictional techniques.Through frequent shifts in narrative perspective,the writer conveys his understanding and reverence for the subjectivity of life in different narrative voices.Based on the reinterpretation of the traditional revenge motif,Wang Zengqi expresses his thoughts on war and his hopes for the Chinese people and even for all mankind behind the avenger’s renunciation of revenge.In addition,the relationship between the novel’s rhetoric and moralization and ethicalization provides more room for the interpretation of the revenant’s renunciation of revenge while at the same time,it also has great inspirational and guiding significance for the disadvantages of current novel writing.