珠三角基塘农业生态系统修复及其生物多样性提升策略研究——以佛山市鲤鱼沙万亩公园为例

Restoration Strategies and Biodiversity Improvement of Dike-pond Agricultural Ecosystem in the Pearl River Delta-Taking Foshan Liyusha Wanmu Park as an Example

我国当前耕地保护和高标准农田建设,未将生物多样性提供的生态系统服务纳入相应的考核指标,导致农业景观生物多样性丧失严重。本文以珠三角河网区典型的基塘农业——佛山市顺德区鲤鱼沙万亩公园为例,通过景观连接度分析法、样方调查等深入评价其生境构成、结构和品质,揭示农业生态系统在高强度村居和工业园建设、苗圃和坑塘为主的流转生产方式下,出现生态格局破碎化、生境斑块人工几何化、动植物群落构成单一等问题。针对共性问题和干扰因素,通过规划分区以及保育、建植、补偿、修复等手段,协调三生功能并实现生物多样性提升。研究对于城市群三角洲河网区农业生态系统生境修复具有实际指导价值。

Our country’s current farmland protection and high-standard farmland construction fail to take ecosystem services as the corresponding assessment indicators,resulting in serious loss of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.Taking Liyusha Wanmu Park as a typical Dike-pond example of agriculture in the Pearl River Delta,landscape connection analysis method and sample survey method are used to deeply evaluate its habitat composition,structure,quality and other current characteristics,revealing the common problems of agricultural ecosystems under high-intensity human interference in urban agglomeration areas.In view of common problems and interference factors,ecological-production-life space coordinations are proposed and biodiversity improvement can be realized through planning zoning,conservation,planting,compensation,restoration and other means.The research has both basic theoretical significance for the restoration of agricultural ecosystem habitat under strong artificial disturbance in the delta river network area and practical guiding value for high-quality development.