小反刍兽疫流行状况及分子诊断技术研究现状

Epidemiological Situation of Research Progress on Molecular Detection of Peste Des Petits Ruminants

小反刍兽疫(PPR)是一种主要感染山羊和绵羊的传染病,病原为副黏病毒科麻疹病毒属的小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)。PPRV基因组由6个基因组成,依据N和F基因可将PPRV分为4个谱系或者基因群,我国流行的PPRV属于谱系Ⅳ。2007年我国首次报道发生PPR疫情,在2014年大流行后,农业农村部加强了PPR的防疫措施。目前,国内的PPR疫情基本得到了控制,主要风险来自于境外输入和野生动物。PPRV分子检测是防疫措施的重要一环,目前已经建立了多种针对PPRV不同基因的检测方法。将新型技术应用于PPRV分子检测,开发小型化、快速化、高通量的PPRV检测方法将是未来的发展方向。

Peste des petits ruminants(PPR)is an acute and highly pathogenic infectious disease that mainly infects small ruminants such as goats and sheep.Its pathogen is the peste des petits ruminants virus(PPRV).The PPRV genome consists of 6 genes.PPRV can be divided into four lineages or gene groups according to the N or F genes.PPRV in China belongs to lineage IV.In 2007,China reported the first case of PPR.After the outbreak of PPR in 2014,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China strengthened epidemic prevention measures against PPR.At present,the PPR epidemic in China is basically under control,and the main risks are from overseas imports.Molecular detection of PPRV is an important part of epidemic prevention measures against PPR.A variety of detection methods of PPRV,which are using different methods and aiming to different genes have been established.The application of new technologies to PPRV molecular detection and the development of miniaturized,rapid and high-throughput PPRV detection methods will be the future development direction.