“双碳”目标视野下我国油气管道保护法律保障问题研究

Legal guarantee for oil and gas pipeline protection in China from the perspective of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goal

国家主席习近平在第七十五届联合国大会上宣布,中国将提高国家自主贡献力度,采取更加有力的政策和措施,二氧化碳排放力争于2030年前达到峰值,努力争取2060年前实现碳中和。为此,基于"双碳"目标视野,深入分析了我国油气管道保护法律保障现状、剖析了存在的主要问题,即油气管道保护法律体系不完善、《中华人民共和国石油天然气管道保护法》(以下简称《管道保护法》)"年久失修"有待修订、行政执法制度建设落后;并提出了"双碳"目标视野下完善油气管道保护法律保障应当遵循的三大原则,即低碳减排、风险预防、合作监管;最后制定了完善油气管道保护法律保障的3条具体实施路径:(1)通过推动相关法规出台,提高安全技术规范标准等,以完善油气管道保护法律体系;(2)通过增加管道高后果区管理规定,明确执法部门及责任,加大处罚力度等,以推进修订、完善《管道保护法》;(3)通过制订管道保护的规范性文件,以推动行政执法制度的建设。结论认为,基于"双碳"目标视野下的我国油气管道保护法律保障问题剖析、原则提出和实施路径建议,可以为油气管道行业的高质量发展提供参考和借鉴。

At the 75th Session of the UN General Assembly, President Xi Jinping announced that "China will increase its national independent contribution and take more powerful policies and measures to strive to realize carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060". So, from the perspective of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goal, the current legal guarantee for oil and gas pipeline protection in China was analyzed, and some existing problems were pointed out, including the imperfect laws on pipeline protection, the "outdated" "Pipeline Protection Law" to be revised, and the backward construction of administrative law enforcement. Three important principles that shall be followed to improve the legal guarantee were put forward in the context of the goal, namely low-carbon emission reduction, risk prevention, and cooperative supervision. Finally, three implementation paths to improve the legal guarantee were formulated. Results show that(1)the standards on safety technology should be improved by further promulgating the "Energy Law", so as to improve the laws on pipeline protection;(2) the law enforcement departments and responsibilities should be made clear, and the penalties should be strengthened by increasing the management provisions of pipeline high-consequence areas, so as to deeply revise the "Pipeline Protection Law";and(3) the construction of administrative law enforcement should be promoted by formulating normative pipeline protection documents. In conclusion, the problems, principle proposal, and implementation path suggestions on the legal guarantee for China’ s pipeline protection from the perspective of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" goal may provide references for quality development in oil and gas pipeline industry.