下肢开放性骨折的诊疗要点

Essentials of diagnosis and treatment of open fractures of lower limbs

下肢开放性骨折的诊疗是创伤骨科的热点和难点,若治疗不当可导致严重并发症,应予以高度重视。本文结合国内外诊疗指南和最新文献对下肢开放性骨折的急救处理、伤情评估、清创要点、骨折分型、截肢和保肢指征、骨折固定方式、创面的闭合、大血管损伤的处理以及抗生素的应用等诊疗要点分别进行回顾和分析,以期提高广大骨科医师的诊断和处理能力,改善患者预后。

It is a difficulty,hot spot and challenge to deal with open fractures of lower limbs.If not be treated properly,it may lead to serious complications and should be highly emphasized.This paper combines domestic and foreign guidelines and the latest literature reviews and analyzes the main points of diagnosis and treatment of open fractures of lower limbs including treatment principles,treatment institutions,patient evaluation and first aid,fracture classification,indications of amputation and limb salvage,debridement points,fracture fixation methods,bone defect treatment,wound closure methods,treatment of great vessel injury and antibiotic usage principles.The purpose is to improve doctors'diagnosis and treatment ability and improve patients'prognosis.