碘化钾-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-水体系液固分离银的研究

Study on liquid-solid separation of silver(Ⅰ)with potassium iodide-CTMAB-water system

本文利用碘化钾-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵-水微晶吸附体系研究了银离子的液固分离行为。分别考察了KI用量、CTMAB用量、溶液酸度、盐和放置时间对分离效率的影响,结果表明,当2%碘化钾溶液溶液和2.0×10^(-3) mol·L^(-1) CTMAB溶液的用量均为1.0 mL时,Ag^(+)、I^(-)、CTMAB^(+)形成的三元缔合物AgI_(2)^(-)·CTMAB^(+)被定量吸附在CTMAB^(+)·I^(-)微晶物质表面,静置60min后,Ag^(+)以三元离子缔合物的形式共沉淀到溶液底部,而Zn^(2+)、Co^(2+)、Ni^(2+)、Mn^(2+)、Fe^(3+)等离子仍留在水相中,实现了Ag^(+)与这些离子的定量分离,方法成功应用于合成水样中Ag^(+)的定量分离,结果满意。

The liquid-solid separation behaviour of silver(Ⅰ)was investigated by microcrystalline adsorption system of potassium iodide-cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-water system.The effects of KI amount,CTMAB amount,solution acidity,salt and storage time on the separation yield of Ag^(+)were investigated.The results showed that in the presence of 1.0 mL KI(2%)and 1.0 mL CTMAB(2.0×10^(-3) mol·L^(-1))solution,Ag^(+) can react with I-and CTMAB^(+) to form ternary complex(AgI_(2)^(-)·CTMAB^(+)),which could be quantitatively adsorbed on the surface of mivrocrystalline(I^(-)·CTMAB^(+)).After standing for 60 minutes,Ag^(+),in the form of ion association complex,was coprecipitated to the bottom of the solution with microcrystalline.Whereas Zn^(2+),Co^(2+),Ni^(2+),Mn^(2+) and Fe^(3+) remained in water phase.Ag^(+) can be separated completely from these ions.This method has been used for the separation of trace Ag^(+) in synthetic water samples with satisfactory results.