多义词义项划分与排列存在的问题及对策

On Demarcation and Arrangement of Polysemous Senses

多义词在任何语言中都是重要的组成部分,如何在英汉词典里按一定原则排列多义词义项是个复杂的问题。多义词的义项划分与排列密不可分。三种传统排列方式虽有优点,也各有难以避免的缺点。以原型理论为基础,运用“指称义素+区别性义素”这一语义结构式来厘清义项之间的界限,会达到多义词义项精确分立,优化排列的目的。

Polysemy is an essential part of every language,how to make a rule-abiding arrangement of the polysemous senses in an English-Chinese dictionary is a thorny problem.Since sense demarcation has a close correlation with its corresponding sense presentation,this article,with a view to the shining merits and the inevitable demerits of the three traditional principles,makes a detailed discussion about how to make an accurate sense demarcation by exploiting a meaning expression,“propositional sememe+differentiating sememe”.Furthermore,this article also tries to optimize the sense arrangement by a prototype-based method.