粤港澳大湾区能源发展现状及转型趋势分析

Energy development status and transformation trend in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

粤港澳大湾区凭借区位及经济优势,产业结构和能源结构相对先进,在能源转型进程中走在全国前沿,但仍面临能耗双控形势严峻、能源资源禀赋欠佳、对外依存度高等问题。综合考虑粤港澳大湾区发展定位、资源禀赋、产业构成等因素,粤港澳大湾区加快能源转型步伐,天然气将成为粤港澳能源转型的重要支撑;虽然核电装机"十四五"期间增量有限,但是海上风电、氢能等新能源将迎来集群化发展;分布式光伏将迎来发展机遇。为加速推进粤港澳大湾区能源转型,应做好能源转型顶层设计,加强内部协同;在深挖本地资源潜力的同时深化对外合作,有效利用国内国际两种资源;应充分利用粤港澳大湾区科创优势加强技术研发,打造能源转型创新驱动力。

With a relatively advanced industrial and energy structure relying on its location and economic advantages,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is at the forefront of the country in the energy transformation process but the local energy system still faces many challenges including"dual control"of energy consumption,poor resource endowment,and high external dependence and so on. Considering the development orientation,resource endowment,industrial structure and other factors,the Greater Bay Area will accelerate its energy transformation and natural gas will become an important support in the energy transformation process of the Greater Bay Area. Although the increase of nuclear power installation is limited during the 14 thFive-Year Plan period,new energy such as offshore wind power and hydrogen energy will usher in cluster development and distributed photovoltaic will usher in development opportunities. In order to promote the energy transformation in GuangdongHong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,the internal coordination should be strengthened to have a better top-level design of energy transformation,it would make effective use of both domestic and international resources by deeply tapping the local resources and deepening foreign cooperation,and the technology research and development should be reinforced by making full use of the scientific innovation advantage in the Greater Bay Area to create a driving force for the energy transformation.