河西走廊地区早期透闪石玉开采年代的考古学观察

Preliminary Archaeological Observations on Early Mining Activities of the Tremolite Deposits in the Hexi Corridor

近年来河西走廊地区一批与透闪石玉料开采和利用相关聚落址的确认,为探讨该地区早期透闪石玉开采年代提供了重要资料。通过层位学、类型学分析,结合碳十四测年,初步认为自公元前2000年以来的近2000年间,河西走廊地区一直进行着透闪石玉矿的开采,且经历了西城驿文化/齐家文化——四坝文化/齐家文化——骟马文化早段——骟马文化晚段/中原汉文化等几个主要阶段,基本勾勒出了河西走廊地区早期透闪石玉料的开采历程。

Recent archaeological confirmation that settlements related to the mining and utilization of tremolite once existed in Hexi Corridor provides an important basis for research on the early mining activities in the area.Based on the analysis of stratigraphy,typology,and radiocarbo(14 C)dating,this report concludes that the early phase of mining on this deposit began in 2000 BCE and continued until the Western Handynasty(202 BCE—8 CE).Several major periods of cultural change and development occurred during this time,including Xichengyi/Qijia culture,Siba/Qijia culture,early Shanma culture,and late Shanma culture/Central Plains culture.The history of these cultural events serves as a basic outline of the early tremolite mining in the Hexi Corridor.