防波堤及护岸越浪研究综述

A review of research on overtopping of breakwater and revetment

近年来防波堤越浪方面的相关研究,分别在越浪影响因素、越浪量计算公式推导论证、越浪数值模拟与越浪量标准4个方面进行归纳总结。已有成果表明:1)越浪影响因素的研究多是集中于常规因素,包括波高周期,堤顶高程,坡肩宽度,护面块体,而对水流、风速、波浪谱以及水的性质等其他因素研究相对较少;2)越浪量计算公式研究中主要集中在影响越浪量因素和越浪量公式比选以及公式推导3个方面;3)在数值模拟方面,研究多以RANS方程、RNG k-ε的湍流模型、VOF方法为基础,运用FLUENT等成熟软件对越浪过程进行模拟或进行越浪量预测,神经网络等机器学习算法也越来越多地使用在越浪量的数值模拟中;4)随着以上研究的深入,越浪标准也开始逐步完善,适用性得到了一定加强。

Through collecting and sorting out the relevant researches on breakwater overtopping in recent years,this paper summarizes the influence of overtopping factors,the deduction and demonstration of overtopping calculation formula,overtopping numerical simulation and overtopping standard.The existing results show that:most of the factors of overtopping are focused on the study of conventional factors,including wave height period,dike top elevation,slope shoulder width and armor block,while the study of other factors such as flow,wind speed,wave spectrum and water properties is relatively less;the study of overtopping calculation formula mainly focuses on three aspects:the factors affecting overtopping,the comparison and selection of overtopping formula,and the derivation of formula.In the aspect of numerical simulation,RANS equation and RNG model are mostly used Based on k-εturbulence model and VOF method,fluent and other mature softwares are used to simulate the overtopping process or predict the overtopping amount.Machine learning algorithms such as neural network are more and more used in the numerical simulation of overtopping amount.With the deepening of the above research,the overtopping standard has gradually improved,and the applicability has been strengthened to a certain extent.