废弃纸尿裤的处理和回收利用研究进展

Treatment and Recycling Technology of Waste Diapers

随着生活水平提高和老龄化的加剧,一次性纸尿裤使用量大幅上升,目前已成为继厨房垃圾和塑料之外的第三大生活固体垃圾,因此,废弃纸尿裤的处理和回收是一个重要课题。虽然国外已有一些关于废弃纸尿裤的回收处理案例,但我国在废弃纸尿裤回收处理方面的研究报道不多。因此,本文在介绍了废弃纸尿裤处理的现状、纸尿裤的结构组成的基础上,综述了国外在废弃纸尿裤回收利用领域的研究进展,包括整体回收、简单拆解回收和完全分离回收处理技术,在热解制备燃料、混合堆肥、改善土壤质量、催化剂制备方面的潜在应用,以期为我国废弃纸尿裤的处理提供思路和方法。

With the improvement of living standards and the aggravation of aging,the use of disposable diapers has increased significantly,and has become the third largest domestic solid waste after kitchen waste and plastic.Therefore,the treatment and recycling of waste diapers is an important topic.Although there are some recycling cases of waste diapers in advanced countries,there are few papers on the recycling of waste diapers in China.Therefore,this paper introduces the present situation and the structure of waste diaper disposal,and summarizes the research progress in the field of waste diaper recycling,including overall recovery,simple disassembly recovery and complete separation recovery technology.Moreover,the potential applications of waste diaper disposal in fuel preparation by pyrolysis,mixed composting,soil quality improvement and catalyst preparation were also reviewed.