红花种子的低温贮藏条件探索

Cryopreservation Conditions of Carthamus tinctorius Seeds

目的:研究红花种子适宜的低温贮藏条件。方法:检测不同温度条件(长期库、中期库、短期库、室温、超低温冰箱),不同种子含水量(8.1%,6.6%,5.2%,3.9%)及不同贮藏时间(2,4,6,8,10月)红花种子的发芽率、相对电导率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、相关酶活性及贮藏后繁育更新所收获药材有效成分含量等,使用SPSS 20.0统计分析实验数据。结果:在10个月贮藏过程中,红花种子发芽率呈现温度越低越适宜于贮藏低含水量红花种子的趋势,贮藏的温度、含水量、贮藏时间不同对种子发芽率的差异均有统计学意义;贮藏10个月后发芽率与其余检测指标均呈显著相关性。结论:红花种子在国家中药种质资源库长期库、中期库的适宜贮藏含水量为5.2%,6.6%,在短期库及超低温冰箱的适宜贮藏含水量为3.9%,5.2%;各库体、各含水量比较,长期库、含水量5.2%最适宜红花种子的贮藏,在此条件下,贮藏10个月后种子发芽率最高、相对电导率最低、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量最高,贮藏4个月红花种子繁育更新所收获红花药材中羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)含量较室温贮藏更高。

Objective:To study on the suitable cryopreservation conditions of Carthamus tinctorius seeds.Method:The germination rate,relative conductivity,soluble sugar,soluble protein,and related enzyme activities of C.tinctorius seeds,as well as the hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)content in Carthami Flos after storage and breeding for four months were detected under different temperature conditions(long-term storage,medium-term storage,short-term storage,room temperature,and ultra-low temperature refrigerator),different water content(8.1%,6.6%,5.2%,and 3.9%),and different storage time(2,4,6,8,10 months).SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Result:During the storage for 10 months,the changing trend of the germination rate of C.tinctorius seeds revealed that it was more suitable to store seeds with low water content at a lower temperature.The differences in germination rate of seeds caused by storage temperature,seeds water content,and storage time were statistically significant.After storage for 10 months,the germination rate was significantly correlated with other detection indexes.Conclusion:The proper water content of C.tinctorius seeds in long-term and medium-term storage is 5.2%or 6.6%,and that in short-term and ultra-low temperature refrigerator is 3.9%or 5.2%.As revealed by the comparison results,the optimal storage conditions for C.tinctorius seeds were long-term storage and water content of 5.2%,which resulted in the highest germination rate and content of soluble sugar and soluble protein and the lowest relative conductivity after storage for 10 months.Additionally,the content of hydroxy safflor yellow A(HSYA)in Carthami Flos obtained after breeding and regeneration for four months was higher than that obtained after room temperature storage.