生物钟与植物的非生物胁迫信号响应

Circadian clock and the abiotic stress responses in plants

生物钟系统通过多重转录-翻译反馈调控网络,感知环境中授时因子的周期性变化,产生分子、细胞、生理学水平的近24 h生物节律,与环境信号保持同步。为了应对复杂多变的环境,植物生物钟还可响应逆境信号,调控自身生长发育与胁迫耐受性之间的平衡。近年来的研究表明,生物钟通过多个层面的分子调控机制参与植物非生物胁迫信号的应答,包括基因转录调控、m RNA前体的选择性剪接、蛋白修饰和稳定性、蛋白亚细胞定位和相分离、蛋白长距离运输等过程。本文综述了生物钟核心组分在拟南芥及大豆、水稻等作物中参与低温、高温、干旱、钠盐和矿质营养等非生物胁迫响应的研究进展,以期借助生物钟和近日节律相关研究为人类理解植物环境适应性及选育优良种质资源提供理论依据。

The circadian clocks anticipate the cyclic changes of environmental Zeitgebers through multiple transcription-translation feedback loops, which generate circadian rhythms at the molecular, cellular, and physiological levels, keeping them synchronized with external cues. Plant clocks can also respond to abiotic stress signals, maintain the growth and development, and improve the stress tolerance. Recent studies have shown that the circadian oscillators participate in the response of abiotic stresses through multiple levels of molecular mechanisms, including gene transcription regulation, alternative splicing of mRNA precursors, protein modification and stability, protein subcellular localization, phase separation, and protein long-distance trafficking, et al. Here is a summary of the clock core components in Arabidopsis, soybean, rice and other crops involved in temperature stress, drought, salinity, mineral nutrition and other abiotic stress responses. Our knowledge on the circadian clocks and the endogenous circadian rhythms can provide a basis to understand the essential adaptability of plants to the fluctuating environment. We hope that these findings also support the selection of circadian clock genes for their efforts in multiple crops.