2016-2020年烟台市戊型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Yantai city, 2016-2020

目的分析烟台市戊型病毒性肝炎(戊肝)流行病学特征。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集烟台市2016-2020年戊肝报告病例,开展流行病学调查,描述性分析戊肝发病率和分布特征。结果 2016-2020年烟台市共报告戊肝1 099例,年均发病率为3.24/10万;报告发病率从2016年的3.57/10万下降到2020年的2.63/10万。每年3-5月份为发病高峰。沿海地区、西部地区年均发病率(/10万)分别为3.09-8.08、0.84-2.11。<10岁、10-19岁、20-29岁、30-39岁、40-49岁、50-59岁、60-69岁、70-79岁、≥80岁人群年均发病率(/10万)分别为0.11、0.03、0.51、1.51、3.39、6.11、10.94、6.57、6.37。所有病例均无戊肝疫苗免疫史。结论烟台市2016-2020年戊肝发病率呈下降趋势,以40岁以上人群发病率较高;需加强重点人群健康教育和戊肝疫苗接种工作。

Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in Yantai city.Methods We obtained data on hepatitis E cases during 2016-2020 in Yantai from the National Notifiable Disease Information Reporting System. We conducted an epidemiological investigation and described the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E.Results A total of 1 099 hepatitis E cases were reported during 2016-2020 in Yantai, yielding an average annual incidence of 3.24 cases per 100 000 population. The incidence per 100 000 decreased from 3.57 in 2016 to 2.63 in 2020. Peak incidences were between March and May each year. Incidences per 100 000 were 3.09-8.08 in coastal areas and 0.84-2.11 in western areas. Incidences per 100 000 for 0-9-, 10-19-, 20-29-, 30-39-, 40-49-, 50-59-, 60-69-, 70-79-, and ≥80-year-olds were 0.11,0.03,0.51,1.51,3.39,6.11,10.94,6.57, and 6.37, respectively. No reported cases had received hepatitis E vaccine.Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis E decreased from 2016 to 2020 in Yantai and was highest among ≥40-year-olds. We should strengthen health education and hepatitis E vaccination of priority populations.