辽宁省小豆种质资源表型鉴定及多样性分析

Phenotypic identification and diversity analysis of Vigna angularis germplasm in Liaoning Province

为科学合理评价辽宁省现有小豆资源,从辽宁省农科院种质资源库中选取289份小豆种质资源,调查记载包括32个质量性状和18个数量性状在内的50个农艺性状,并通过多样性、相关性、主成分、灰色关联度和聚类分析,对资源进行综合评价。289份小豆种质资源具有丰富的表型多样性,各性状之间又具有复杂的相关性;结合主成分分析和灰色关联度分析结果,认为与产量相关较密切的主要是籽粒和果荚性状,以及与植株营养生长能力直接相关的性状包括单株荚数、果荚大小、百粒重、主茎粗、单荚粒数等。进一步通过聚类分析在欧氏距离23.01处,将资源分为6个类群,并确定了各数量性状分布的区间范围以及中心值。小豆高产育种过程中应选择单株荚数多、果荚大、百粒重高、茎秆粗壮、多分枝、叶片深绿较大的资源作为亲本,并筛选出3个早熟矮秆小粒资源和5个中熟高秆大粒高产资源。

In this study,289 Vigna angularis germplasm were selected from the germplasm resource bank of Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences to access their agronomic traits including 32 quality traits and 18 quantitative traits.All resources were comprehensively evaluated through diversity analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,gray interacting analysis and cluster analysis.The 289 Vigna angularis germplasm had abundant diversity,and complicated correlation.The results suggested that the yeild related traits were those relating to seed,pod and plant vegetative growth capacity,including number of pods per plant,size of pods,100-grain weight,diameter of main stem and number of seeds per pod,considering the results of principal component analysis and gray interacting analysis.Further all the resources were divided into 6 groups at the distance of 23.01 after cluster analysis and the range and center value of each quantitative trait distribution were determine.Three early-maturing resources with dawf and small grain phenotype and five medium-maturing resources showing high plant,big-grain and high yield were identified.Based on our results,the resource materials with large number of pods,large pods,high 100-grain weight,strong stems,more branches,dark green and bigger leaves should be selected as parents for high yield breeding of Vigna angularis.