阻燃剂的复配协效技术及纺织品的阻燃整理

Compound Synergistic Technology of Flame Retardant and Flame Retardant Finishing of Textiles

环保型纺织品阻燃剂对人体和环境危害较小,符合绿色发展的理念。传统的阻燃剂如卤素阻燃剂阻燃效率较高,但在使用时会释放大量有毒及腐蚀性气体。氮系、磷系、硼系、硅系等阻燃剂在单独使用时,阻燃效果并不理想,而且成本高,因此需与其它阻燃剂复配协效使用才能达到阻燃效果。复配协效技术避免了使用单一阻燃剂的缺陷,综合了各种阻燃剂的优势,减少了阻燃剂的添加量,改善了纺织品的阻燃性能。为了进一步提高纺织品的阻燃性能,可以通过优化纺织品的阻燃整理方法,本文介绍了各种表面处理技术,如溶胶-凝胶法、纳米粒子吸附、层层自组装法、等离子体处理、生物大分子沉积及接枝共聚改性法,将阻燃剂的复配协效技术应用到阻燃整理的各种表面处理技术中,改善了纺织品的阻燃性、耐洗性,同时保持了纺织品的原有性能。本文详述了阻燃剂复配协效技术的研究,简述了当前阻燃行业存在的问题,提出了相应的解决思路。最后指出了生物基阻燃剂、多功能化的阻燃纺织品是未来纺织品的发展趋势。

Environmental friendly flame retardants for textiles had less harm to human body and environment,which was in line with the concept of green development.Traditional flame retardants such as halogen flame retardants had higher flame retardant efficiency,but they could release a lot of toxic and corrosive gases when used.Nitrogen,phosphorus,boron,silicon and other flame retardants were not ideal when they were used alone,and the cost was high.Therefore,they need to be combined with other flame retardants to achieve the flame retardant effect.The compound synergistic technology avoided the defect of using a single flame retardant,integrates the advantages of various flame retardants,reduces the addition of flame retardants,and improves the flame retardant performance of textiles.In order to further improve the flame retardancy of textiles,we can optimize the flame retardant finishing methods of textiles.Various surface treatment technologies,such as sol-gel method,nanoparticle adsorption,layer by layer self-assembly,plasma treatment,biological macromolecule deposition and graft copolymerization modification,are introduced in this paper.The synergistic technology of flame retardant was applied to various surface treatment technologies of flame retardant finishing,which improved the flame retardancy and washing resistance of textiles,and maintained the original properties of textiles.In this paper,the research on synergistic technology of flame retardant compounding was described in detail,the problems existing in the current flame retardant industry were briefly described,and the corresponding solutions were put forward.Finally,it was pointed out that bio based flame retardant and multifunctional flame retardant textiles are the development trend of textiles in the future.