航空器过早截获下滑信号导致进近过程不稳定问题的研究

Research on Approach Instability Caused by Prematurely Intercepting Glide Signal

仪表着陆系统为航空器提供重要的进近引导,保证仪表着陆系统信号稳定、可靠,使航空器顺畅、平稳进近,对运行安全至关重要。在实际运行过程中,当航空器在进近过程中出现不稳定情况时,机组应做到及时通过管制员向设备运行保障单位进行反馈,设备运行保障单位应充分排查,尤其是当出现多机组反应的异常情况时,更应系统梳理、排查,确保运行安全。造成航空器进近不稳定的因素繁多,可能为发射信号幅度或相位异常、场地不符合要求、无线电干扰等原因导致空间信号结构异常,也可能是航空器错误截获信号。基于某机场多架次航班反映下滑信号“不稳”现象,剖析飞行程序、飞行操作等因素造成航空器过早截获下滑信号导致进近过程不稳定的情况,并提出相关改进方法和缓控措施。

The instrument landing system provides important approach guidance for aircraft,ensures the stability and reliability of glide signal,and keeps the aircraft approach smoothly,which guarantees operation safety.When the aircraft is unstable during approach,the crew should promptly feed back to the CNS technical supporter through the controller.In case of an abnormal condition is reported by multi crew,it shall be systematically sorted out and investigated to ensure operation safety.There are many factors causing aircraft approach instability,which may be abnormal spatial signal structure caused by abnormal amplitude or phase,non-compliance with requirements of siting,radio interferences,or wrong interception of signal.Researching on an instability of glide signal reported by multiple flights in an airport,the instability of approach caused by aircraft intercepting glide signal prematurely due to procedures,operations and other factors is analyzed,and relevant improvement methods and mitigation measures was put forward.