区域高新技术企业创新发展量化评价实证研究

Empirical Study on Quantitative Evaluation of Regional High-tech Enterprises Innovation Development

为构建适用于各地区高新技术企业创新发展跨年度比较的评价体系,结合企业创新特点和区域创新管理需求,从创新实力、培育潜力、区域贡献等维度构建区域高新技术企业创新发展评价量化基础指数体系,评价指标由40个减少至27个,客观赋权形成指标权重,通过一级指数和3个二级指数从多维度量化评价区域高新技术企业创新发展情况,并可延伸兼容多个年度时间序列周期;进一步利用2008—2019年广东省高新技术企业发展相关指标数据,运用主成分分析法与熵值法进行量化实证研究,结果表明2008年以来,广东省高新技术企业创新发展指数持续快速提升,创新实力指数和区域贡献指数增长快,但是培育潜力指数下降,为此提出广东省高新技术企业未来发展重点方向应由数量规模增长转变为规模效率提升,以及调整高新技术企业政策导向、增加高新技术企业金融供给、加强高新技术企业产业组织等对策建议。

In order to build an evaluation system suitable for cross-year comparison of innovation and development of high-tech enterprises in various regions, according to the characteristics of enterprise innovation and the demand of regional innovation management, this paper constructs a quantitative basic index system of regional high-tech enterprise innovation development evaluation from the dimensions of innovation strength, cultivation potential and regional contribution, in which the number of evaluation indicators is reduced from 40 to 27, with objective empowerment to form index weights, and the innovation and development situation of regional high-tech enterprises can be quantitatively evaluated from multiple dimensions through the first-level index and three secondary indexes, and it can be extended and compatible with multiple annual time series cycles. The paper further uses the relevant index data of high-tech enterprises in Guangdong province from 2008 to 2019, carries out empirical study of quantification by using principal component analysis and entropy method, the results show that the innovation development index of high-tech enterprises in Guangdong has been continuously and rapidly improved since 2008, the innovation strength index and regional contribution index increase rapidly, but the cultivation potential index declined. Therefore, the paper proposes that the key direction of the future development of high-tech enterprises in Guangdong should be changed from quantity scale growth to scale efficiency improvement, as well as to adjust the policy guidance of high-tech enterprises, increase the financial supply of high-tech enterprises, and strengthen the industrial organization of high-tech enterprises.