传统优势学科如何赋能高校拔尖创新人才培养--基于我国33所行业特色型大学的分析

How to Cultivate Top-notch Innovative Talents with Traditional Dominant Disciplines

拔尖创新人才培养作为国家重大部署不仅仅是我国顶尖高校需要努力推进的重要议题,以优势学科为依托的行业特色型高校更应该成为优势学科领域内拔尖创新人才培养的重要阵地。通过质性研究方法,对我国33所行业特色型高校的拔尖创新人才培养方案开展文本分析,对其人才培养模式进行比较与分析。研究发现,从选拔方式、培养机制、管理机制的角度来看,行业特色型高校的拔尖人才培养特色并未凸显,而通过传统优势学科的带动,行业特色型高校在拔尖创新人才培养方面的特色逐渐显现出来。基于此,研究从优势学科参与的视角对行业特色型高校拔尖创新人才的选拔与培养机制进行归类,将其划分为独立发展型、中心辐射型和多元复合型三种类型的拔尖人才培养模式,并深入探讨了不同类型人才培养模式的运行特征与现实困境,提出了一系列针对性的发展对策。

As a major national strategy, the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents is not only an important mission for China’s top universities to promote, but also an important issue for industry-featured universities to carry out the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents in superior disciplines. Through qualitative research method, this paper carries out text analysis on the top-notch innovative talent training programs of 33 industry-featured colleges and universities in China, and then compares and analyzes their talent training modes. It is found that there is no great difference in the cultivation of top-notch talents between universities with industry characteristics and other types of universities from the perspective of selection mode, training mechanism and management mechanism. Based on this, this study further classifies the selection and training mechanism of top-notch innovative talents in colleges and universities with industry characteristics from the perspective of participation of dominant disciplines, and divides it into three types of top-notch talents training modes: independent development mode, hub-and-spoke mode and multiple-compound mode. Finally, the paper deeply discusses the practical difficulties in the operation of different types of talent training mode and puts forward a series of targeted development countermeasures.