页岩油气水平井压裂技术进展与展望

Progress and prospects of horizontal well fracturing technology for shale oil and gas reservoirs

通过对“十三五”以来国外页岩油气储集层水平井压裂技术进展的系统总结,阐述了水平井压裂技术在页岩油气储集层多层叠置立体开发、小井距密井网布井、水平井重复压裂、施工参数优化与降低成本方面的新特征;结合中国页岩油气水平井压裂技术需求,论述了水平井压裂技术在多裂缝扩展模拟、水平井压裂设计、电驱压裂装备、可溶化系列工具、低成本入井材料与工厂化作业方面的新进展。在此基础上,结合非常规页岩油气“十四五”规划对水平井压裂改造技术的需求分析,提出了7个方面的发展建议:①强化地质工程一体化联合研究;②深化页岩储集层改造基础理论及优化设计技术研究;③完善大功率电驱压裂装备;④研发长井段水平井压裂工具及配套作业装备;⑤加强水平井柔性开窗侧钻剩余油挖潜技术攻关;⑥发展长井段水平井压裂后修井作业技术;⑦超前储备智能化压裂技术。

By systematically summarizing horizontal well fracturing technology abroad for shale oil and gas reservoirs since the"13th Five-Year Plan",this article elaborates new horizontal well fracturing features in 3D development of stacked shale reservoirs,small well spacing and dense well pattern,horizontal well re-fracturing,fracturing parameters optimization and cost control.In light of requirements on horizontal well fracturing technology in China,we have summarized the technological progress in simulation of multi-fracture propagation,horizontal well frac-design,electric-drive fracturing equipment,soluble tools and low-cost downhole materials and factory-like operation.On this basis,combined with the demand analysis of horizontal well fracturing technology in the"14th Five-Year Plan"for unconventional shale oil and gas,we suggest strengthening the research and development in the following 7 aspects:(1)geology-engineering integration;(2)basic theory and design optimization of fracturing for shale oil and gas reservoirs;(3)development of high-power electric-drive fracturing equipment;(4)fracturing tool and supporting equipment for long horizontal section;(5)horizontal well flexible-sidetracking drilling technology for tapping remaining oil;(6)post-frac workover technology for long horizontal well;(7)intelligent fracturing technology.