葡萄类黄酮代谢研究进展

Research Progress on the Metabolism of Flavonoids in Grape

类黄酮是葡萄中含量最丰富的一类次生代谢物,在植株生长发育、抗紫外线和病虫害、果实色泽、风味品质以及营养价值等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。葡萄果实中类黄酮的种类多样,积累特点具有品种、组织和发育特异性。葡萄类黄酮代谢主要受UDP–葡萄糖:类黄酮–3-O–葡萄糖基转移酶(UFGT)和MYBA1等基因的表达调控,还受到多种生物和非生物因素的影响。从生物学功能、种类和积累特点、合成与代谢调控以及影响因素这几个方面综述了葡萄类黄酮代谢研究的进展,从完善类黄酮含量数据库、揭示重要基因功能、解析代谢调控网络、探索多因素交互作用机理这几个方面对今后葡萄类黄酮代谢研究方向提出了展望。

Flavonoids are the most abundant secondary metabolites in grape. These compounds play vital roles in grape growth and development,resistance to ultraviolet radiation and diseases/insects,berry coloration and flavor quality,as well as nutritional values. Grape berries possess various types of flavonoids,which show variety-,tissue-,and development-specific accumulation characteristics. Flavonoid metabolism in grape is mainly regulated by UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glycosyltransferase(UFGT)and MYBA1 genes,and also affected by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. The review summarizes recent data related to the flavonoid metabolism from the aspects of biological functions,composition and accumulation characteristics,biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms,and influencing factors. Finally,the future research directions of grape flavonoid metabolism are also put forward from the aspects of perfecting flavonoid content database, uncovering important gene functions, analyzing metabolic regulation networks,and exploring the interaction mechanisms of multiple factors.