大型远洋客船动稳性敏感性评估和优化研究

Dynamic stability vulnerability assessment and optimization of large ocean-going passenger vessel

[目的]大型远洋客船的动稳性对于保障乘客安全具有极其重要的意义,为此开展典型失效模式敏感性评估并进行针对性优化。[方法]采用国际海事组织(IMO)第二代完整稳性衡准中参数横摇、纯稳性丧失和过度加速度薄弱性衡准评估方法,针对大型远洋客船实船设计方案开展动稳性失效模式敏感性评估,结合设计需求提出适合工程应用的优化方案。[结果]评估结果表明,本船原始设计方案在不考虑航速限制的情况下对除纯稳性丧失以外的几种动稳性失效模式不敏感,即安全水平能够满足要求。但若将航速提高至24.8 kn以上,则现有方案无法满足纯稳性丧失衡准要求。此时采用少量调整船壳和窗的优化设计,增加储备浮力,能够有效提升纯稳性丧失安全水平,消除航速限制。[结论]大型远洋客船实船设计方案具备较高的动稳性安全裕度,能够充分保障船舶在恶劣海况中航行时的波浪中动稳性及安全性。

[Objectives]The dynamic stability of large ocean-going passenger vessel is of great important to ensuring the safety of a large number of passengers.Thus,it is necessary to carry out vulnerability assessment and optimization for typical failure modes.[Methods]This study adopts the assessment methods and criteria of parametric rolling,pure loss of stability and excessive acceleration developed by the international maritime organization’s(IMO)second generation intact stability criteria.For the first time,the vulnerability assessment of dynamic stability failure modes is conducted for the design scheme project of a large ocean-going passenger vessel.In order to fulfill the requirements of this project,an optimization scheme is studied and proposed for the design from a practical point of view.[Results]The assessment results show that the original ship design scheme is not vulnerable to the evaluated dynamic stability failure modes except the pure loss of stability failure mode without considering the speed limit,that means the safety level can meet the requirement.However,the scheme cannot fulfill the requirements of pure loss of stability criterion,when the service speed needs to be increased to 24.8 kn.By slightly adjusting the design of hull and windows to improve the reserve buoyancy,the safety level of pure loss of stability failure mode can be effectively increased,and the service speed limit can be eliminated.[Conclusions]The design scheme of large ocean-going passenger vessel has a high safety margin of dynamic stability,which can fully ensure the dynamic stability and safety of large passenger vessels sailing in serious sea conditions.