2017年青岛市居民中医药健康文化素养水平及影响因素研究

Survey on status of health literacy on traditional Chinese medicine and its influencing factors among residents, Qingdao city,2017

目的分析青岛市居民中医药健康文化素养水平及其影响因素,为制定有关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取青岛市15~69岁5300名常住人口进行居民中医药健康文化素养问卷调查,收回有效问卷3847份,有效应答率为72.58%。采用Rao-Scott调整χ^(2)检验分析不同人口学特征的居民中医药健康文化素养水平的差别,运用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果青岛市居民中医药健康文化素养水平为20.90%。青岛市居民中医药健康文化素养水平五维度由高到低依次为:中医药基本理念(36.81%)、中医药信息理解能力(34.70%)、中医药健康生活方式(32.11%)、中医药文化常识(29.99%)、中医药公众适宜方法(3.53%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度、职业是中医药健康文化素养的影响因素。以硕士及以上人群为参照,不识字或识字很少(OR=0.064,95%CI:0.0150.274,P<0.01)、小学人群(OR=0.240,95%CI:0.0710.818,P<0.05)的中医药健康文化素养水平偏低。以其他人群为参照,公务员(OR=2.547,95%CI:1.1225.783,P<0.05)、医务人员(OR=3.190,95%CI:1.1498.859,P<0.05)的中医药健康文化素养水平更高。结论青岛市居民中医药健康文化素养水平较高,比全国高7.51%,不同特征人群中医药健康文化素养水平差异明显。

Objective To study the status of health literacy on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and its influencing factors among residents in Qingdao city,so as to provide scientific suggestions to develop relevant policies and measures.Methods A multi-stage sampling method was used to extract 4500 permanent residents aged 15-69 years old in Qingdao city.A total of 3847 valid questionnaires were recovered,the effective recovery rate was 85.49%.The Rao-Scott adjusted 2 test was used to analyze the difference of the status of health literacy on TCM among residents with different demographic characteristics.Results The overall level of health literacy on TCM was 20.90%.The 5 dimensions of the status of health literacy on TCM were as follows from high to low:the basic concept of Chinese medicine(36.81%),the ability to understand Chinese medicine information(34.70%),the healthy lifestyle of Chinese medicine(32.11%),the common sense of Chinese medicine culture(29.99%),the appropriate methods of Chinese medicine for the public(3.53%).Logistic regression analysis showed that education level and occupation were the influencing factors of health literacy on TCM.Taking people with a master’s degree or above as a reference,the population of illiterate or little literacy(OR=0.064,95%CI:0.015-0.274,P<0.01)and elementary school(OR=0.240,95%CI:0.071-0.818,P<0.05)had a low level of health literacy on TCM.Civil servants(OR=2.547,95%CI:1.122-5.783,P<0.05),medical staff(OR=3.190,95%CI:1.149-8.859,P<0.05)had a higher level of health literacy on TCM than other people.Conclusion The residents in Qingdao city have a relatively high level of health literacy on TCM,7.51%higher than the nationwide.There are significant differences in TCM among the residents with different characteristics.