苏轼诗歌的“快”境美学

The Realm Aesthetics of“Quick”in Su Shi’s Poems

苏轼对诗歌"快"境的标举和追求是诗歌史上不应忽视的现象,他从赞赏欢快之诗、效仿前代快诗文人到提倡快诗写作,较早提出并完善了快诗理论。在创作中,他借助欢快之情与疾速书写、痛快之感和奋笔疾书的彼此相融,用快笔来写快景与快情,构建了诗歌中的"快"境,同时为之注入了幽默、健快的新元素,从而在理论和实践中真正成就了一种诗歌美学。这种诗歌美学根源于其性格才思和生命体验,是一种从心理快感到审美快感的转变与升华过程,并借由后人的接受和学习,形成独具特色的快诗一派。

Su Shi’s advocacy and pursuit of the“quick”(kuai)aesthetic is a phenomenon that should not be ignored in the history of poetry.By appreciating the cheerful poems,imitating the“quick”poetry by literati of previous generations,and promoting the writing of such poetry,he was an early advocate who proposed and perfected the theory of“quick”poetry.In his writings,he combined cheerful and joyful feelings with writings uninterrupted by measuring and weighing the phrases,and tried to construct a“quick”aesthetic realm of poetry.Meanwhile,he injected into this realm new elements of humor and vigor,which established a type of poetic aesthetics in theory and practice.This poetic aesthetics was rooted in Su Shi’s personality,intelligence and life experience,and was a process of transformation and sublimation from psychological pleasure to aesthetic pleasure.