信仰能修复“文化政治”的裂痕么?——论伊格尔顿新世纪的神学转向问题

Can Faith Heal the Cracks in Cultural Politics?On the Theological Turn of Terry Eagleton in the New Century

随着宗教问题的日益突出,伊格尔顿理论中"神学转向"的部分也逐渐为国内学界所注意。伊格尔顿在理论中构造了一个重视创造性、关爱他者、承担罪责的上帝,并借助对理想神学的阐述抵达对可共建、可分享的共同文化的构建,这种做法延续并发展了英国新左派借"文化政治"探索社会主义目标的尝试。理论的创新源于实践的困境,相比雷蒙·威廉斯,伊格尔顿需要在政治退潮,文化变得个体化、散碎化的语境中寻找能转理论思考为社会实践的力量,神学在成为其应对问题的资源的同时也成了其掩饰困境的方法。

With the increasing prominence of religious issues,the“theological turn”in Eagleton’s theory has gradually drawn attention of academics in China.In his theory,Eagleton constructs a god who values creativity,cares for others,and bears the responsibility of crime.Through interpretation of ideal theology,Eagleton constructs a common culture that can be jointly built and shared.This practice continues and develops the attempt of the New Left in Britain to explore the socialist goal through“cultural politics.”The theoretical innovation originates from the conundrum of practice.Compared with Raymond Williams,Eagleton needs to find the power to transform theoretical thinking into social practice in the context of the fading tide of politics,the culture of individualism and fragmentation.Theology thus has become both the resource to deal with problems and the method to conceal the practical conundrum.