基于CBCT对东北地区青年人群上颌牙槽骨唇侧骨板厚度的测量分析研究

Measurement and analysis of labial plate thickness of maxillary alveolar bone in the northern healthy young population of China based on CBCT

目的建立中国东北地区人群健康青年者CBCT数字化影像资料库,针对正常美学区及功能区的唇侧骨板厚度相关解剖数据进行测量,为即刻种植手术的风险评估及治疗方案的制定提供临床参考。方法采用CBCT(Sirona,SL 3D)对200例青年进行扫描,建立影像资料库,随机抽出100份选择最佳的矢状面,利用系统自带软件测量并记录患者上颌中切牙、侧切牙、尖牙、第一前磨牙及第二前磨牙的釉质-牙骨质界(cemento-enamel junction,CEJ)根方4 mm(F1)、根中部(F2)及根尖部(F3)的唇侧骨板与牙长轴垂直方向上的距离,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果中切牙、侧切牙唇侧骨板厚度主要集中在0.50~0.75 mm范围内,占比分别为34.5%和27.5%,尖牙及前磨牙区的唇侧骨板厚度主要在1.0~1.5 mm之间,尖牙达到43.5%;中切牙、侧切牙和尖牙在F1处的唇侧骨板厚度显著小于F3(P<0.05);不同性别中三处位点的骨板厚度有显著差异(P<0.05),其中上颌前牙及前磨牙在男、女间相比较仅在中切牙及第二前磨牙F3位点处有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论中国东北地区青年人群正常者的上颌中切牙、侧切牙区唇侧骨板厚度主要集中在0.50~0.75 mm范围内,尖牙及前磨牙区的唇侧骨板厚度主要在1.0~1.5 mm之间,解剖学结构中不同牙位唇(颊)侧的骨质具有差异性,这一数据的统计学差异对于前牙区及功能区的即刻种植具有临床指导意义。

Objective We aimed to determine the thickness of the labial plate in the esthetic area and functional area of normal occlusion and use CBCT technology to establish an image database of healthy young people in northeast China,providing a clinical reference for immediate implant placement.Methods Sirona,SL 3D(CBCT)technology was used to scan 200 young people.The best sagittal planes of 100 people were randomly selected for the measurement.The vertical distances of cemento-enamel junction(CEJ)square 4 mm(F1),middle root(F2),and apical(F3)between the labial plate and the long axis of maxillary central incisors,lateral incisors,canines,first premolars,and second premolars were statistically analyzed by SPSS22.0.Results The labial thickness of the central incisor ranged from 0.5 mm to 0.75 mm,accounting for 34.5%and 27.5%.The labial thickness of canine and premolar ranged from 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm,especially for the canine,reaching 43.5%.The labial bone zone thickness of central incisors,lateral incisors,and canine at F1 was significantly lower than that of F3(P<0.05),There were significant differences in the thickness of bone site at the three sites of different genders(P<0.05),and only the F3 site of the central incisors and the second premolars had statistical differences between males and females(P<0.05).Conclusion The thickness of maxillary anterior teeth and labial bone wall of normal occlusion people in northern China ranged from 0.5 mm to 0.75 mm,and the anatomical structure of labial(buccal)bone was different in different tooth positions.The statistical difference of data was of clinical significance for immediate implant placement in anterior and functional areas.