半芳香尼龙PA12T 的微波辅助聚合与表征

Microwave-assisted polymerization and characteristic of semi-aromatic nylon PA12T

半芳香尼龙具有优异的力学强度、耐热性能和耐溶剂性能,在电子电器、汽车、轨道交通、特种装备中具有重要应用,受到了国内外学者和产业界的广泛关注。然而,传统聚合方法存在的制备周期长、分子量分布宽等技术难题长期得不到有效解决。本文利用微波能够使吸波材料快速、均匀升温的特点,首次在微波辅助条件下制备了耐高温半芳香尼龙PA12T,研究了在密闭条件下,以水作为吸波介质,水的用量、反应温度以及反应时间等条件对聚合产物特性黏数的影响,并对产物结构及热性能进行了表征。结果表明,微波辅助聚合与传统聚合方法相比,反应时间缩短三分之一以上,且产物分子量分布较窄,为解决传统半芳香尼龙聚合方法存在的问题进行了有价值的探索。

With advanced properties of high-temperature resistant and high strength,semi-aromatic nylon has been widely used in electronic appliances,automobiles,rail transit and special equipments.However,conventional synthesis methods have long-standing technical problems of semi-aromatic nylon with a long preparation cycle and wide molecular weight distribution.In this paper,the rapid and uniform heating under microwave conditions was used for the first time to provide a new solution to these problems though preparing high-temperature resistant semi-aromatic nylon PA12T.The influence of polymerization conditions such as the amount of water used as the wave-absorbing medium,reaction temperature and reaction time on the molecular weight of the polymerized product under a closed system were investigated.The results showed that microwave-assisted polymerization took one third of the time comparing with the traditional method and the product had the narrower molecular weight distribution than conventional polymerization.This method provided a valuable reference for the further study of high efficiency polymerization of semi-aromatic nylon and the design and improvement of microwave reactor.