从沦陷区、统战区到机动区:中共皖东北抗日根据地的初创

From the Occupied Areas and the United Front Areas to a Maneuvering Zone: Establishment of the CPC Anti-Japanese Base Area in Northeast Anhui

徐州沦陷后,毛泽东立即作出挺进苏鲁豫皖四省敌后的重要部署。活动在山东的八路军部队率先南下苏皖边沦陷区开展游击战、建立党组织。随后,张爱萍率新四军游击支队部分力量亦由豫东进入皖东北,并与泗县的国民党盛子瑾部建立统战关系。在以泗县为中心的统战区基础上,八路军苏鲁豫支队、陇海南进支队与张爱萍部合作开辟了皖东北抗日根据地。基于该区域地理位置的特殊性,在之后刘少奇"向东发展、向西防御"的战略部署中,皖东北抗日根据地又扮演了军事机动区的角色。

After the fall of Xuzhou, Mao Zedong immediately initiated an important deployment in the enemy’s rear area in the four provinces of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui. To this end, the troops of the Eighth Route Army in Shandong took the lead in launching guerrilla warfare and establishing party organizations in the occupied areas on the borders of Jiangsu and Anhui. Subsequently, Zhang Aiping led part of the guerrilla detachment of the New Fourth Army from eastern Henan to northeast Anhui, whereupon in Si county he established united front relations with Sheng Zijin of the Guomindang. On the basis of this united front area centering in Si county, the Suluyu detachment of the Eighth Route Army and the south Longhai advance detachment cooperated with Zhang Aiping to open up an Anti-Japanese base area in northeast Anhui. Based on the particularities of the regional geography, in the later strategic deployment of Liu Shaoqi’s "development to the east and defense to the west, " the Anti-Japanese base area in northeast Anhui again played the role of a military maneuvering zone.