膝关节周围截骨术治疗膝外翻性骨关节炎研究进展

Research progress of osteotomy around knee in the treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis

目的对近年膝关节周围截骨术治疗膝外翻性骨关节炎的手术方式研究进展进行综述。方法查阅近年国内外膝外翻性骨关节炎截骨手术治疗相关文献,对膝关节周围截骨术不同手术方式的优缺点、疗效进行总结。结果对于有症状且年轻、活动度大的膝外翻性骨关节炎患者,膝关节周围截骨术是一种安全、可靠的治疗选择。目前,临床应用的主要手术方式有股骨远端内侧闭合楔形截骨术、股骨远端外侧张开楔形截骨术、胫骨近端内侧闭合楔形截骨术、胫骨近端外侧张开楔形截骨术。不同截骨手术方式的适应证和优缺点不同,选择正确的截骨手术方式对取得良好的临床疗效至关重要。结论膝关节周围截骨术治疗膝外翻性骨关节炎有多种手术方式,为获得良好预后、提高生存率、减少并发症发生,需要根据不同情况制定最合理的手术策略。

Objective To review the research progress of surgical methods of osteotomy around the knee in the treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis.Methods The relevant literature on the surgical treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed,and the advantages,disadvantages,and effectiveness of different surgical methods of osteotomy around the knee were summarized.Results For young and active patients with symptomatic valgus knee osteoarthritis,osteotomy around the knee is a safe and reliable treatment option.At present,the main surgical methods include medial closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy,lateral opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy,medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy,and lateral opening wedge high tibial osteotomy.The indications,advantages,and disadvantages of different osteotomies are different,and the selection of appropriate surgical method is the key to achieve good effectiveness.Conclusion There are many osteotomies in the treatment of valgus knee osteoarthritis.In order to achieve good results,improve survival rate,and reduce postoperative complications,the most reasonable surgical strategy needs to be developed according to different situations.