简帛《诗》文本与今传本章序差异考论——从海昏简《诗》谈起

A Study on the Differences in the Sequence of Stanzas Between the Excavated Manuscript Songs and Their Received Counterpart——Using the Example of the Haihun Bamboo Manuscript Songs

新出海昏《诗》价值极大,其章序与安大简《诗经》、清华简《诗》类文献有类似之处,但某些篇章与今传本《诗经》有明显的章序差异。通过对新出文献此类现象的梳理,并分析《左传》《国语》等传世文献“断章赋诗”的《诗》用方式,可以进一步明确《诗》文本的编纂过程中各家诗传章序有别的主要原因。“断章赋诗”的灵活性和伸缩性,既是一种断章取义,又因脱离“歌诗必类”的合乐要求,可能为各家编纂整理《诗》文本提供了不同章序的可能。

The newly unearthed Haihun bamboo manuscript Songs are of great value.The way how stanzas are sequenced within individual songs is similar to the Book of Songs from the Anhui University collection and the text of Songs from the Tsinghua bamboo manuscripts,but some chapters are obviously different from the received The Book of Songs.By systematically studying such phenomena in newly excavated manuscripts and analyzing the method of“chanting songs by stanzas”,we can clarify the main reason why the sequence of stanzas in the historically attested Songs traditions is not the same.The flexibility and adaptability of the method of“chanting songs by stanzas”can not only adjust individual stanzas to separate contexts,but also dismiss the principle of“singing the songs must accord with their type”,which required that songs have to be performed in a musically coherent manner.All of these may explain the fact that followers of different traditions of Songs can compile and organize texts of Songs in their own way.