现象学本质直观原则视角下的语言符号任意性逻辑分析

A Logic Analysis of the Arbitrariness of Linguistic Sign From the Perspective of Eidetic Intuition Principle of Phenomenology

任意性是符号学的基本原则之一,表征了先验的符号能力。然而,任意性的真理并没有被充分地认识。索绪尔虽然指出了任意性的重要性,但并没有充分把握任意性的逻辑本质。无论是经验主义还是心理主义都把符号及其任意性看作经验性的心理实在。胡塞尔把“直观”称为现象学“一切原则之原则”,进而明确提出“本质直观”的概念,指出它揭示了本质与认识之联系的起源,从而弥合了感性直观与先验认识的裂隙。在本质直观原则下,一切本质和真理都可以被切实地把握。毋庸置疑,作为特殊的哲学方法,本质直观可以从逻辑上充分论证任意性的真理本质。更重要的是,通过对任意性的哲学反思,本质直观的符号学价值将更加深刻地显现。

Arbitrariness is one of the basic principles of semiotics,which projects human a priori semiotic capacity.However,the truism of arbitrariness has not been recognized.Though Ferdin and de Saussure confirms the importance of arbitrariness,he fails to prove the essence of its logic.Both empiricism and psychologism regard signs and their arbitrariness as empirical psychological reality.Husserl calls“intuition”as the“principle of all principles”of phenomenology,then explicitly proposes the concept of“essential intuition”,and points out that it reveals the origin of the connection between essence and knowledge,thus bridging the gap between perceptual intuition and transcendental knowledge.Under the principle of essential intuition,all essence and truth can be effectively grasped.There is no doubt that,as a special philosophical method,essential intuition can fully demonstrate the essence of arbitrariness in logic.More importantly,through philosophical reflection on arbitrariness,the semiotic value of essential intuition will be more deeply revealed.