突发公共卫生事件应对中公民权利的限制

Restrictions on Civil rights in Response to Public Health Emergencies

突发公共卫生事件的应对中采取限制公民人身自由权、隐私权和财产权的措施不仅符合权力运行的目的,而且合乎现行宪法的规定。依法治理是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要体现,相较于常态下的治理,突发公共卫生事件的应对更能体现一个国家依法治理的水平。根据法治原则,相关主体采取限制公民权利措施的权力应受到制约,相关主体在应对突发公共卫生事件中采取限制公民权利的措施时,应依法进行并满足主体适格、措施适度和程序正当等要件。提高行政主体法治意识、完善措施评价机制和设立措施实施程序等方面是保证相关行政主体应对突发公共卫生事件时依法限制公民权利的保障。

Measures to restrict citizens’rights of personal freedom,privacy and property,in response to public health emergencies,accord with not only the purpose of power operation but also the provisions of the current constitution.Law-based governance is an important reflection of the modernization of national governance system and capacity.Compared with normal governance,the response to public health emergencies can better reflect the level of a country’s law-based governance.According to the principle of the rule of law,the power of relevant subjects to take measures to restrict citizens’rights should be restricted,relevant subjects should take measures to restrict citizens’rights in response to public health emergencies in accordance with the law and meet the requirements of subjects’eligibility,appropriate measures and due procedures.It is the guarantee of restricting citizen’s rights according to law when dealing with public health emergency by improving the legal consciousness of administrative subjects,perfecting the evaluation mechanism of measures,and setting up measure implement procedure of measures.