富锂巨星研究概述

A Review to the Studies of Lithium-Rich Giants

锂(Li)元素最初诞生于大爆炸核合成,是最重要的轻元素之一.但锂元素丰度在很多类天体中均表现出观测与理论不符的现象,这一问题困扰了天体物理学家数十年.富锂巨星就是这样的一类天体,它们大气中的Li丰度超过了标准恒星演化模型的理论值.虽然富锂巨星早在约四十年前就被发现,但其起源依然是未解之谜.随着以郭守敬望远镜(LAMOST)巡天等为代表的大型光谱巡天项目的开展、以开普勒(Kepler)卫星为代表的星震学观测数据的产出以及数据驱动类方法和技术的飞速发展,针对富锂巨星的研究取得了一系列重要的突破.在此将回顾富锂巨星近四十年来的研究进展,并总结对于富锂巨星最新的认知.

Lithium(Li)is one of the most important light elements that was primordially synthesized in the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis(BBN).It is also an element that confused astrophysicists for decades,as its observed abundance often contradicts with the theoretical prediction in many different types of celestial objects.Li-rich giant stars are such objects.Their atmospheres contain anomaly high Li abundance than that expected by standard stellar evolution model.Although the first Li-rich giant star was discovered almost 40 years ago,their origin is still being debated.With the launch of massive spectroscopic survey program such as the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope(LAMOST)survey,the extending of available asteroseismology data from space satellites such as Kepler,and the developments of data-driven techniques,breakthroughs have been archived in the field of Li-rich studies.In this paper,we review the progress that was made during the past four decades,and present our up-to-date understanding to Li-rich giant stars.