殷墟苗圃北地铸铜遗址出土大型方鼎底范及其附着铜片的研究

Study on the Bottom Mold of a Large-size Square Ding with I ts Adhesive Bronze Fragment Excavated from Miaopubeidi Foundry Site in Anyang

本文利用SEM-EDS、ICP-MS、XRD、XRF、金相显微镜和偏光显微镜等多种理化检测方法,对河南安阳殷墟苗圃北地出土大型方鼎底范的材料、制作工艺及其附着铜片的成分、工艺、矿料来源等进行了详细的研究,并在此基础上探讨了商代方鼎铸造工艺的演进,研究结果显示,这个方鼎底范的时代可能晚至殷墟四期,其原料使用了精选或处理过的生土,而附着铜片是殷墟时期较为少见的铜锡铅砷合金,矿料属于殷墟后期普通铅的范畴。

Using SEM-EDS,ICP-MS,XRD,XRF,metallurgical microscope and polarizing microscope,the raw material and processing technology of the bottom mold of square Ding are analyzed,which from North Miaopu foundry site from Yinxu,Anyang city,Henan province.The bronze fragment attached with the mold is also examined to know its composition,casting technique and the ore source.The evolution of casting technology of square Ding in Shang dynasty is also discussed.The result shows that the bottom mold of square Ding from North Miaopu foundry site was maybe in the fourth phase of Yionxu period,and its raw material was the selected soil or the clay-removal loess.The bronze fragment is Cu-Sn-Pb-As alloy which was seldom found in Yinxu.The lead ore source belongs to "common lead" which was used commonly in late Yinxu period.