甲骨文辞例释疑二种

Explanation of Doubts on Two Types of Oracle Bone Inscriptions

殷墟甲骨文中,有两种看似简单的卜辞辞例,其神名的内涵反而常常会带来一些理解上的困扰:一是神名与地点类名词同版并举的辞例;二是"祭祀动词+(其)+至+神名(或地名)"的辞例。这里的"神名"主要涉及上甲、帝臣、夒、河、岳、■、■、黄尹(伊尹)等。我们认为,两种辞例中的神名极可能也具有地域涵义,此类现象应反映了他们乃具有两属现象的人祖,这是商人在原始氏族社会时期形成的古老思想文化在卜辞时代仍具影响力的体现。

In the oracle bone inscriptions of Yin Ruins,there are two seemingly simple inscriptions,the connotation of which often brings some understanding problems:One is the example of the same version of the names of gods and places.The second is the example of"sacrificial verb+(its)+to+God name(or place name)".The"God name"here mainly involves Shangjia(上甲),Dichen(帝臣),Nao(夔),He(河),Yue(岳),■,■,Huangyin or Yiyin(黄尹或伊尹),etc.In our view,The names of gods in the two kinds of words are likely to have regional meanings,This kind of phenomenon should be the expression that they are ancestors of two kinds of phenomena,and the expression of the ancient thought and culture formed by the merchants in the primitive clan society,which still has influence in the Oracle age.