淅川申明铺遗址仰韶文化玉石礼器的科技分析

Scientific and Technological Analysis on the Jade Ritual Vessels of Yangshao Culture from the Shenmingpu Site,Xichuan

河南淅川申明铺遗址2007年度出土的三件仰韶晚期玉石器,其造型规范精美,考古背景明确,保存完好,具有重要研究价值。文章采用激光拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、显微观察和植硅体提取等科技分析手段,对三件样品分析并讨论,了解到玉石器原料来源于当地,钻孔技术已相当成熟,石钺孔缘部位的刻槽装饰是礼器装饰的一大特色。三件样品均为祭祀活动中使用的礼器,对探讨当地的礼制有一定指示意义。

Three jades of the late Yangshao Period(5000-3000 BC) were excavated from the Sienmingpu Site,Xichuan,Henan Province in 2007.The three jades are delicate and well preserved.They have definite archaeological background which is importait for the study of aicient culture.In his study,the three samples are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy(Raman),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier infrared spectrum(FTIR),microscopic observation and phytolith analysis.The results suggest that the raw materials of jades are from the local;the contemporaneous drilling technology is well developed;the decorated drill hole in the Yue is the unique features for the ritual vessels from the Shenmingpu Site.The three jades have been used in different ways,nevertheless,they were both sacrificial objects and were important ingredients of ancient celebrations.